The purpose of this study was to compare the performances of fifth grade elementary school students who participated-with those who did not participate in ROSHD new teaching method (Roshed MULTIMEDIA PROGRAM, MRP) on final math exam with control of participants' IQ scores, in Ahvaz, Iran. The attitudes of all the teachers (N = 104) who were involved in MRP PROGRAM were investigated regarding the effectiveness of this new PROGRAM. A total of 491 boy and girl students were randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. The instruments of this study consisted of: school final math exam, a coordinated math test, Raven IQ scale, and an attitude scale. Nine hypotheses were tested and the results indicated that there was no significant difference between the math scores of those who did and those who did not participate in MRP. However, significant difference was found between the performances on math exam of girls who participated in MRP as compared to those who did not. This meaningful difference can perhaps be attributed to the motivation and job satisfaction of women and also to the effective management of girl schools that conducted the project. The findings of attitude questionnaire indicated that there was an inverse relationship between teachers' length of service and their attitude toward the effectiveness of MRP. The relationship was significant at P<0.05. In terms of academic degrees and gender no significant difference was observed in the attitudes of teachers toward the effectiveness of MRP. But teachers who had access to adequate educational facilities and equipment to make better use of MRP showed a more positive attitude. It is, therefore, suggested that the educational organization in Ahvaz should pay more attention to improve the effectiveness of this new teaching method.

Background and Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the knowledge and skill performance obtained by dental students exposed to two different instructional modalities for periodontal flap surgery: a Computer-Assisted Learning (CAL) MULTIMEDIA software PROGRAM and traditional lecture. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, fifty volunteer fourth-year dental students with similar grade point average (GPA) scores, with the age range of 22 to 27 years, were divided into two groups (n=25). They all completed a pretest. The test group used a MULTIMEDIA software, while the control group attended a lecture with the same educational content. Immediately after the lecture and after the students of the software group have finished watching the PROGRAM, they completed a test consisting of 14 questions. Then, they were all assigned to perform some skills of periodontal flap surgery on an animal model. The performance of each student was assessed using a questionnaire of 13 items. Data were analyzed using independent samples t-test, Fisher's exact test, and Pearson's chi-squared test. Results: There were no differences in prior knowledge between the two groups at the baseline. The software group had a final average exam score of 12. 8+1. 50, and the lecture group had an average score of 10. 24+1. 36; the difference was statistically significant (P<0. 001). The CAL group had superior performance in some skills related to periodontal flap surgery (9. 98+4. 63 and 4. 26+4. 07, respectively; P<0. 000). Conclusion: The MULTIMEDIA software PROGRAM can be used as an adjunct to traditional education or as a means of self-instruction in teaching periodontal flap surgery techniques.

Introduction: Patients-with cancer in chemotherapy wards, face high degree of mental tensions such as anxiety in disease. These patients require effective training methods to manage anxiety. Multi-media education is one of the most useful and flexible educational strategies. Objective: Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the impact of MULTIMEDIA education PROGRAM on the level of anxiety in patients admitted to chemotherapy wards. Material and Methods: The present study is quasi-experimental and was performed on 30 patients with definite diagnosis of cancer referring to selected AJA hospitals in Tehran. Sampling was done randomly. The researcher gave educational CDs to the intervention group and no intervention was performed in the control group. The Spielberg’ s Anxiety Inventory contained 20 multiple choice questions. Finally, the data were analyzed using SPSS software 16. Results: The results showed that there was no significant difference between the mean anxiety scores before and after the test group (before: M= 43. 96± 6. 05, after: M= 43. 40± 5. 95) and the control group (before: M= 45. 13± 10. 06, after: M= 47. 53± 10. 32) (P> 0. 05). Discussion and Conclusion: The results of the present study showed no significant difference between the mean anxiety scores before and after the test group, but it is recommended to perform further comprehensive studies.

Background& Aims: Injection is one of the most common nursing procedures in nursing profession that requires compliance with specific standard of safety. The aim of this study is determination the effect of MULTIMEDIA education PROGRAM on knowledge and practice of nurses about injection safety.Material & Methods: It was a quasi-experimental, one group (before and after) design. The census sample consisted of 50 nurses whom worked in Minoodasht, Hospital affiliated to Golestan University of Medical Sciences that had been. The tool for data gathering was knowledge questionnaire and observational practice checklist. The knowledge questionnaire completed by nurses before and six weeks after educational intervention and practice were observed using a checklist. The intervention was a two- week MULTIMEDIA educational PROGRAM. Data was analyzed by descriptive statistics and paired T test, using SPSS-PC (v.16).Results: The results showed that, the mean knowledge score, after intervention was significantly increased (P<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference between the mean score of nurse's practice before and after the intervention at three levels of during preparation, during injection and after injection (P<0.05).Conclusion: The results showed that MULTIMEDIA educational PROGRAM increased the knowledge and improved the practice of nurses about safe injection. As regards, the safe injection is one of the most important duties of nurses, so it is recommended that they use these strategies to enhance their clinical practice.

Convictions are strong that MULTIMEDIA courseware holds great promise for enhancing learning efficiency among learners. This study thus aimed at comparing the effects of the MULTIMEDIA PROGRAMs introducing 100 vocabulary items through pictures and streaming video with those of teacher instruction on increasing EFL learners’ vocabulary repertoire. A total of 120 subjects were identified as intermediate-level students based on the scores they obtained on the reading and listening sections of an IELTS and were randomly assigned to four equivalent groups. One group served as the pilot group, two as the experimental groups, and the other as the control group. The pilot group participated in the pilot study of the vocabulary test that was designed by the researcher as the pre- and posttest. The two experimental groups received treatment on teaching the vocabulary items through a Motion-Picture MULTIMEDIA PROGRAM (MPMP) or a Still-Picture MULTIMEDIA PROGRAM (SPMP). The control group received a treatment on the same vocabulary items through teacher instruction. The results favored the use of the MULTIMEDIA PROGRAMs, albeit the MULTIMEDIA PROGRAM drawing on streaming video proved to be more effective than the one using still pictures. Therefore, the findings revealed that dual coding of vocabulary might occur at different degrees across different methods of vocabulary teaching, resulting in varying degrees of the learning success.

Background: The prerequisite of effective nutrition intervention is an appropriate education. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of nutrition education based on discussion and MULTIMEDIA in the learning of pregnant women. Methods: This randomized educational trial was conducted on 174 pregnant women in Gonabad City, northeast Iran. The study participants were randomly assigned into three groups (58, 57, and 59 women in the MULTIMEDIA group, discussion group, and control group, respectively). The demographic information form and assessment of learning questionnaire were completed before the study for all three groups. In the intervention group, training was based on the discussion and MULTIMEDIA packages. MULTIMEDIA packages were given to mothers in the intervention group for 2 weeks. In the discussion group, mothers were divided into subgroups of 8 to 12 members, and educational subjects were presented over three 90 min sessions. One month after the intervention, a post-test was administered to all groups. Results: The mean gestational ages in the MULTIMEDIA group, discussion group, and control group were 9. 66, 9. 54, and 9. 40 weeks, respectively. The results showed that the difference between the MULTIMEDIA and discussion groups (P<0. 001) regarding the cognitive scores was significant before and after the intervention. There were significant differences between groups regarding affective domain scores before and after the intervention (P=0. 03). Conclusion: The effectiveness of MULTIMEDIA learning in the cognitive domain and discussion in the affective domain was confirmed. Therefore, it is recommended to use innovative and effective methods such as MULTIMEDIA packages for educating pregnant women

Background and Aim: Full-scale demonstration of treatment phases on actual patients by an instructor is currently the conventional technique for practical instruction on endodontics. In this method, most students do not get the chance to closely observe the clinical procedure due to the small size of oral cavity. This study aimed at assessing the efficacy of an instructional MULTIMEDIA PROGRAM in endodontics for enhancing the knowledge and skills of dental students.Materials and Methods: In this randomized interventional trial, students taking the course of clinical endodontics were divided into two groups receiving conventional live demonstration alone or in combination with an instructional MULTIMEDIA (DVD). Baseline knowledge of students and their level of knowledge and skills after the intervention regarding practical endodontics were assessed by a pre-test and post-test, respectively. Data were compared between the two groups using Kruskal Wallis test.Results: No significant differences were noted between the two groups in terms of knowledge or practical skills of students. However, the MULTIMEDIA instruction significantly reduced the number of studentinquiries to instructors for troubleshooting (P<0.001).Conclusion: Due to the lack of a significant difference between the two instructional techniques, the MULTIMEDIA instruction technique may be successfully used as a complement to current conventional techniques for practical instruction on endodontics.

This study was done with the aim of making and testing MULTIMEDIA PROGRAM in Biology and Hygiene course by using scientific exploration model in Birjand. The method which is used is Quasi-experimental and the research population consists of the students of a guidance school in Birjand. This study consists of 40 individuals that have been chosen by available method and the students were considered homogeneously with average, parents, educational levels and social status. Educational attainment in high and low levels of cognitive domain was measured in pre-test and post- test. The results of analyzing research by using combined ANOVA and repeated measurement indicates that the educational progress in both levels (upper and lower) of the cognitive area in the experimental group with compare to the control group was significantly higher. On the other hand t-test analysis results showed that the teaching by MULTIMEDIA method has been increased the period of memories in the students.

The aim of the present study was content analysis of ROSHD-e-Daneshamooz magazine according to Plsek Creativity Model. The research method was content analysis. The research population included all numbers of ROSHD-e-Daneshamooz magazine and the research sample consisted of ROSHD-e-Daneshamooz magazines which were published in the academic year of 1396-97. The research instrument was the checklist of content analysis, considering a coding scheme for checking. The coding scheme was made according to the parameter of Plsek directed creative cycle. The reliability of the checklist was. 80, using Scott formula. Analysis of data, using Shannon entropy, showed that the observation of components was little and there was no consistency in the observation of most components in all dimensions. The result showed that to some extent, »the principle of attention« and its components were observed. Considering »the principle of escape«, one of its dimensions, i. e., »attention to details« has been observed. However, there was not much attention to the other components of »the principle of escape« such as »zoom out«, zoom in«, »reversing«, »substituting«, »flexibility« and »reinforcement«. Also, »The principle of mobility in practice« devoted a very low Coefficient of importance in ROSHD-e-Daneshamooz magazine to itself. In general, the observance of components of Plsek Creativity Model was very low in ROSHD-e-Daneshamooz magazine and there was not necessary consistency in observing most components in all dimensions.